Abstract：HSS and tool steels perform specially with their high mechanical and thermal properties such as high
strength and toughness, high hardness, high wear resistance, and good heat resistance, which are widely used in in‐
dustries such as metalworking, plastic injection molding, and automotive manufacturing, etc. Conventionally, they
are prepared by traditional casting and forging process, which always introduce compositional segregation and
coarse carbides in their microstructure. These micro defects are difficult to eliminate through conventional process‐
ing methods such as forging, leading to the deterioration in material properties. The powder metallurgy process pro‐
vides an uniform microstructure, fine dispersive carbides, and high alloy composition, which allows for the manu‐
facturing of complex shapes and structures of the final products. Through this approach, the tool and die products
have the advantages of higher performance, higher precision, and longer life, and have important applications pros‐
pects in the high-end manufacturing industry. In this work, a comprehensive review of the production technologies
and applications of powder metallurgy HSS and tool steels are provided. Besides, the technological innovations in the industrial production, the manufacture methods, and the microstructural properties of powder metallurgy HSS
and tool steels are discussed in details. Furthermore, the classifications and applications of these materials, offering
an outlook on the future development trends in powder metallurgy HSS and tool steels are summarized.
2024, Vol. 34 
