（1. School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,
Beijing 10083, China； 2. School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing),
Beijing 100083, China； 3. Zhengzhou Institute, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Zhengzhou
451283, China； 4. Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical & Electronic Technology Co. LTD, Beijing 100083,
China）
Abstract：Laser melting deposition technology is an advanced manufacturing technology based on the principle of
layering-superposition. The metal powders sent synchronously are melted layer by layer and rapidly solidified according
to the designed route, under the action of high-energy laser heat source. It has the advantages of high forming
accuracy, good machining flexibility, uniform internal structure, excellent mechanical properties and suitable
for the preparation of metal that difficult to machine. In consequence, it has a broad application prospect in aerospace
and other fields. However, the large-scale application is limited by the defects such as lack of fusion, microcrack
and pore, which are easily generated in the process of laser melting deposition. The microstructure of the laser
melting deposited component shows obvious anisotropy and large residual stress exists because of the rapid
heating and cooling during the deposition process, resulting in deformation and cracking. Many researchers have studied how to eliminate the internal defects of laser melting deposited components. In this paper, the methods of
applying temperature field, ultrasonic field, electromagnetic field and compound field during the forming process
to improve the internal structure and properties of laser melting deposited components are reviewed which may provide
guidance for improving the comprehensive properties of laser melting deposited components.
2023, Vol. 33 
