摘要本文选用厚度为2 mm AA2060铝锂合金材料作为实验对象，在空冷和激冷条件下应用ABAQUS有限元软件对铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊过程中的温度场和应力场进行分析，并通过试验以验证模拟结果准确性。结果表明，焊接温度场呈现前小后大的椭圆形分布，在垂直于焊缝方向的残余应力表现为“M”型趋势，并且残余应力的峰值位于搅拌头轴肩作用区的边缘位置。相比较于空冷条件，随焊激冷工艺条件下AA2060焊件上表面的应力峰值降低大约13%。在相同激冷距离下，随着激冷强度降低，热源与冷源间的温度梯度增大，焊件的残余应力降低。
Abstract：Choosing 2 mm thick Al-Ti alloy plate as the research object, temperature filed and residual stress of FSW were simulated by ABAQUS software under conditions of air cooling and intense cooling. The results of simulation were verified by experiments. Results show that the temperature field during welding presents an elliptical distribution, and the residual stresses perpendicular to the weld exhibits an "M" tendency. Meanwhile, the peak residual stresses are located at the edge of the shoulder zone. Compared with the air cooling condition, the peak stress on the upper surface of the AA2060 welded plate was reduced by 13%. At the same intense cooling distance, decreasing the intense cooling temperature increased the temperature gradient between the heat and cold sources, thereby leading to the decreased residual stresses.
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2023, Vol. 30 